Valence Electrons

Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom. They determine how an element reacts chemically and forms bonds.

Understanding Valence Electrons

What are they? Valence electrons are the electrons in an atom's outermost energy level that participate in chemical bonding.

Chemical Reactivity: Elements with the same number of valence electrons often have similar chemical properties.

Group Pattern: Elements in the same group (column) of the periodic table have the same number of valence electrons.

Noble Gases: Have full valence shells (8 electrons, except He with 2), making them very stable and unreactive.

Octet Rule: Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve 8 valence electrons (stable configuration).

Filter by Valence Electrons:

Periodic Table Visualization

Color intensity represents Valence Electrons value

Low

High

0 Valence e⁻

1 elements

1 Valence e⁻

16 elements

H Li Na K Cr Cu Rb Nb Mo Ru Rh Ag +4 more

2 Valence e⁻

65 elements

He Be Mg Ca Sc Ti V Mn Fe Co Ni Zn +53 more

3 Valence e⁻

6 elements

B Al Ga In Tl Nh

4 Valence e⁻

6 elements

C Si Ge Sn Pb Fl

5 Valence e⁻

6 elements

N P As Sb Bi Mc

6 Valence e⁻

6 elements

O S Se Te Po Lv

7 Valence e⁻

6 elements

F Cl Br I At Ts

8 Valence e⁻

6 elements

Ne Ar Kr Xe Rn Og

Atomic #	Symbol	Name	Valence e⁻	Lewis Dot	Group	Category	Electron Config
1	H	Hydrogen	1	H	1	nonmetal	1s¹
2	He	Helium	2	He	18	noble gas	1s²
3	Li	Lithium	1	Li	1	alkali metal	1s² 2s¹
4	Be	Beryllium	2	Be	2	alkaline earth metal	1s² 2s²
5	B	Boron	3	B	13	metalloid	1s² 2s² 2p¹
6	C	Carbon	4	C	14	nonmetal	1s² 2s² 2p²
7	N	Nitrogen	5	N	15	nonmetal	1s² 2s² 2p³
8	O	Oxygen	6	O	16	nonmetal	1s² 2s² 2p⁴
9	F	Fluorine	7	F	17	halogen	1s² 2s² 2p⁵
10	Ne	Neon	8	Ne	18	noble gas	1s² 2s² 2p⁶
11	Na	Sodium	1	Na	1	alkali metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹
12	Mg	Magnesium	2	Mg	2	alkaline earth metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s²
13	Al	Aluminum	3	Al	13	post-transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p¹
14	Si	Silicon	4	Si	14	metalloid	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p²
15	P	Phosphorus	5	P	15	nonmetal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p³
16	S	Sulfur	6	S	16	nonmetal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁴
17	Cl	Chlorine	7	Cl	17	halogen	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵
18	Ar	Argon	8	Ar	18	noble gas	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶
19	K	Potassium	1	K	1	alkali metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s¹
20	Ca	Calcium	2	Ca	2	alkaline earth metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s²
21	Sc	Scandium	2	Sc	3	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹
22	Ti	Titanium	2	Ti	4	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d²
23	V	Vanadium	2	V	5	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d³
24	Cr	Chromium	1	Cr	6	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s¹ 3d⁵
25	Mn	Manganese	2	Mn	7	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d⁵
26	Fe	Iron	2	Fe	8	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d⁶
27	Co	Cobalt	2	Co	9	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d⁷
28	Ni	Nickel	2	Ni	10	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d⁸
29	Cu	Copper	1	Cu	11	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s¹ 3d¹⁰
30	Zn	Zinc	2	Zn	12	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰
31	Ga	Gallium	3	Ga	13	post-transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p¹
32	Ge	Germanium	4	Ge	14	metalloid	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p²
33	As	Arsenic	5	As	15	metalloid	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p³
34	Se	Selenium	6	Se	16	nonmetal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁴
35	Br	Bromine	7	Br	17	halogen	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁵
36	Kr	Krypton	8	Kr	18	noble gas	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶
37	Rb	Rubidium	1	Rb	1	alkali metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s¹
38	Sr	Strontium	2	Sr	2	alkaline earth metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s²
39	Y	Yttrium	2	Y	3	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹
40	Zr	Zirconium	2	Zr	4	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d²
41	Nb	Niobium	1	Nb	5	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s¹ 4d⁴
42	Mo	Molybdenum	1	Mo	6	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s¹ 4d⁵
43	Tc	Technetium	2	Tc	7	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d⁵
44	Ru	Ruthenium	1	Ru	8	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s¹ 4d⁷
45	Rh	Rhodium	1	Rh	9	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s¹ 4d⁸
46	Pd	Palladium	0	Pd	10	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰
47	Ag	Silver	1	Ag	11	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s¹ 4d¹⁰
48	Cd	Cadmium	2	Cd	12	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰
49	In	Indium	3	In	13	post-transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p¹
50	Sn	Tin	4	Sn	14	post-transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p²
51	Sb	Antimony	5	Sb	15	metalloid	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p³
52	Te	Tellurium	6	Te	16	metalloid	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁴
53	I	Iodine	7	I	17	halogen	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁵
54	Xe	Xenon	8	Xe	18	noble gas	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶
55	Cs	Cesium	1	Cs	1	alkali metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s¹
56	Ba	Barium	2	Ba	2	alkaline earth metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s²
57	La	Lanthanum	2	La		lanthanide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 5d¹
58	Ce	Cerium	2	Ce		lanthanide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹ 5d¹
59	Pr	Praseodymium	2	Pr		lanthanide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f³
60	Nd	Neodymium	2	Nd		lanthanide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f⁴
61	Pm	Promethium	2	Pm		lanthanide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f⁵
62	Sm	Samarium	2	Sm		lanthanide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f⁶
63	Eu	Europium	2	Eu		lanthanide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f⁷
64	Gd	Gadolinium	2	Gd		lanthanide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f⁷ 5d¹
65	Tb	Terbium	2	Tb		lanthanide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f⁹
66	Dy	Dysprosium	2	Dy		lanthanide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁰
67	Ho	Holmium	2	Ho		lanthanide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹¹
68	Er	Erbium	2	Er		lanthanide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹²
69	Tm	Thulium	2	Tm		lanthanide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹³
70	Yb	Ytterbium	2	Yb		lanthanide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴
71	Lu	Lutetium	2	Lu		lanthanide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹
72	Hf	Hafnium	2	Hf	4	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d²
73	Ta	Tantalum	2	Ta	5	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d³
74	W	Tungsten	2	W	6	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d⁴
75	Re	Rhenium	2	Re	7	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d⁵
76	Os	Osmium	2	Os	8	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d⁶
77	Ir	Iridium	2	Ir	9	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d⁷
78	Pt	Platinum	1	Pt	10	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s¹ 4f¹⁴ 5d⁹
79	Au	Gold	1	Au	11	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s¹ 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰
80	Hg	Mercury	2	Hg	12	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰
81	Tl	Thallium	3	Tl	13	post-transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p¹
82	Pb	Lead	4	Pb	14	post-transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p²
83	Bi	Bismuth	5	Bi	15	post-transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p³
84	Po	Polonium	6	Po	16	metalloid	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁴
85	At	Astatine	7	At	17	halogen	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁵
86	Rn	Radon	8	Rn	18	noble gas	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶
87	Fr	Francium	1	Fr	1	alkali metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s¹
88	Ra	Radium	2	Ra	2	alkaline earth metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s²
89	Ac	Actinium	2	Ac		actinide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 6d¹
90	Th	Thorium	2	Th		actinide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 6d²
91	Pa	Protactinium	2	Pa		actinide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f² 6d¹
92	U	Uranium	2	U		actinide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f³ 6d¹
93	Np	Neptunium	2	Np		actinide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f⁴ 6d¹
94	Pu	Plutonium	2	Pu		actinide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f⁶
95	Am	Americium	2	Am		actinide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f⁷
96	Cm	Curium	2	Cm		actinide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f⁷ 6d¹
97	Bk	Berkelium	2	Bk		actinide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f⁹
98	Cf	Californium	2	Cf		actinide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f¹⁰
99	Es	Einsteinium	2	Es		actinide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f¹¹
100	Fm	Fermium	2	Fm		actinide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f¹²
101	Md	Mendelevium	2	Md		actinide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f¹³
102	No	Nobelium	2	No		actinide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f¹⁴
103	Lr	Lawrencium	2	Lr		actinide	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f¹⁴ 6d¹
104	Rf	Rutherfordium	2	Rf	4	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f¹⁴ 6d²
105	Db	Dubnium	2	Db	5	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f¹⁴ 6d³
106	Sg	Seaborgium	2	Sg	6	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f¹⁴ 6d⁴
107	Bh	Bohrium	2	Bh	7	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f¹⁴ 6d⁵
108	Hs	Hassium	2	Hs	8	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f¹⁴ 6d⁶
109	Mt	Meitnerium	2	Mt	9	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f¹⁴ 6d⁷
110	Ds	Darmstadtium	2	Ds	10	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f¹⁴ 6d⁸
111	Rg	Roentgenium	2	Rg	11	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f¹⁴ 6d⁹
112	Cn	Copernicium	2	Cn	12	transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰
113	Nh	Nihonium	3	Nh	13	post-transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7p¹
114	Fl	Flerovium	4	Fl	14	post-transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7p²
115	Mc	Moscovium	5	Mc	15	post-transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7p³
116	Lv	Livermorium	6	Lv	16	post-transition metal	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7p⁴
117	Ts	Tennessine	7	Ts	17	halogen	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7p⁵
118	Og	Oganesson	8	Og	18	noble gas	1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7p⁶

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