Titanium (Ti)
Titanium is element 22, a transition metal in period 4, group 4 of the periodic table. At room temperature it is a solid.
Electron configuration [Ar] 3d2 4s2
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 10, 2
Titanium data
| Atomic number | 22 |
|---|---|
| Symbol | Ti |
| Atomic mass | 47.867 u |
| Category | Transition metal |
| Group | 4 |
| Period | 4 |
| Block | d |
| State at 25 °C | solid |
| Melting point | 1941 K (1667.9 °C) |
| Boiling point | 3560 K (3286.9 °C) |
| Density | 4.507 g/cm³ |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 1.54 |
| Atomic radius | 136 pm |
| 1st ionization energy | 659 kJ/mol |
| Electron affinity | -8 kJ/mol |
| Oxidation states | -1, +2, +3, +4 |
| Common ion charge | 4+, 3+ |
| Discovered | 1791 |
Orbital diagram
Each box is one orbital holding up to two electrons of opposite spin. Following Hund’s rule, electrons spread out singly across a subshell before pairing.
Work through titanium’s configuration and its ions →
Where titanium sits
Titanium belongs to the transition metals. Its Pauling electronegativity of 1.54 is mid-range; see the electronegativity chart and periodic trends for context. To use its mass in a calculation, try the molar mass calculator.
Titanium FAQ
What is the electron configuration of titanium?
Titanium (Z = 22) has the configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d2 4s2. In noble-gas shorthand that is [Ar] 3d2 4s2.
How many valence electrons does titanium have?
4 (2 outer s + 2 d electrons; 2 in the outermost shell).
What is the atomic mass of titanium?
The standard atomic weight of titanium is 47.867 u, so one mole weighs 47.867 g.
Is titanium a metal?
Yes. Titanium is a transition metal.
What is the charge of a titanium ion?
Titanium most commonly forms Ti4+ or Ti3+.