Neodymium (Nd)
Neodymium is element 60, a lanthanide in period 6 of the periodic table. At room temperature it is a solid.
Electron configuration [Xe] 4f4 6s2
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 22, 8, 2
Neodymium data
| Atomic number | 60 |
|---|---|
| Symbol | Nd |
| Atomic mass | 144.242 u |
| Category | Lanthanide |
| Group | — (f-block) |
| Period | 6 |
| Block | f |
| State at 25 °C | solid |
| Melting point | 1294 K (1020.9 °C) |
| Boiling point | 3373 K (3099.9 °C) |
| Density | 7.01 g/cm³ |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 1.14 |
| Atomic radius | — |
| 1st ionization energy | 533 kJ/mol |
| Electron affinity | -50 kJ/mol |
| Oxidation states | +2, +3 |
| Common ion charge | 3+ |
| Discovered | 1885 |
Orbital diagram
Each box is one orbital holding up to two electrons of opposite spin. Following Hund’s rule, electrons spread out singly across a subshell before pairing.
Work through neodymium’s configuration and its ions →
Where neodymium sits
Neodymium belongs to the lanthanides. Its Pauling electronegativity of 1.14 is mid-range; see the electronegativity chart and periodic trends for context. To use its mass in a calculation, try the molar mass calculator.
Neodymium FAQ
What is the electron configuration of neodymium?
Neodymium (Z = 60) has the configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f4 6s2. In noble-gas shorthand that is [Xe] 4f4 6s2.
How many valence electrons does neodymium have?
2 (2 in the outer s subshell).
What is the atomic mass of neodymium?
The standard atomic weight of neodymium is 144.242 u, so one mole weighs 144.242 g.
Is neodymium a metal?
Yes. Neodymium is a lanthanide.
What is the charge of a neodymium ion?
Neodymium most commonly forms Nd3+.