Category
lanthanide
State at Room Temperature
solid
Electron Configuration
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹³
Valence Electrons
2
Lewis Dot:••
Electronegativity
1.25
Pauling scale
Oxidation States
+3
Melting Point
1818 K
1544.85°C
Boiling Point
2223 K
1949.85°C
Density
9.32
g/cm³
Position in Table
Group Period 6f-block
Discovery
Historical Information
Discovered byPer Teodor Cleve
Year1879
Common Uses
Applications & Industries
Portable X-ray devices, lasers, euro banknotes, cancer treatment
Related Elements
Same group or period
Related Calculators
Need more chemistry tools? Check out puzzlewhiz.app for additional resources.