Category
lanthanide
State at Room Temperature
solid
Electron Configuration
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹
Valence Electrons
2
Lewis Dot:••
Electronegativity
1.27
Pauling scale
Oxidation States
+3
Melting Point
1925 K
1651.85°C
Boiling Point
3675 K
3401.85°C
Density
9.841
g/cm³
Position in Table
Group Period 6d-block
Discovery
Historical Information
Discovered byGeorges Urbain, Carl Auer von Welsbach
Year1907
Common Uses
Applications & Industries
Catalysts, PET scan detectors, dating meteorites
Related Elements
Same group or period
Related Calculators
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