Category
lanthanide
State at Room Temperature
solid
Electron Configuration
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁰
Valence Electrons
2
Lewis Dot:••
Electronegativity
1.22
Pauling scale
Oxidation States
+3
Melting Point
1680 K
1406.85°C
Boiling Point
2840 K
2566.85°C
Density
8.54
g/cm³
Position in Table
Group Period 6f-block
Discovery
Historical Information
Discovered byPaul-Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran
Year1886
Common Uses
Applications & Industries
Magnets, lasers, nuclear reactors, data storage
Related Elements
Same group or period
Related Calculators
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